In the first salable petroleum in California was the oil found at Pico Canyon near San Fernando. But the real boom began in the s, when Edward L. Los Angeles became a center of oil production in the early 20th Century. By the area had derricks, and in the area near Santa Monica Boulevard and Vermont Avenue was an unruly oil shantytown. Drilling activity in the county reached new heights in the s when major finds were made in Whittier, Montebello, Compton, Torrance, and Inglewood.
These three huge fields upset national oil prices and glutted existing storage facilities. By the turn of the century almost 1, oil wells operated throughout Los Angeles. Oil production has continued down to the present throughout the Los Angeles Basin; between and some 1, wells pumped million barrels of oil from these pumps. In the early s, agriculture became an important part of the economy. Other crops grown in the County included alfalfa, apricots, asparagus, barley, hay, beans, beets, cabbage, citrus, corn, lettuce, melons, peaches, potatoes, pumpkins, squash, tomatoes, and walnuts.
The agricultural output led to other industries such as canning companies, a fruit growers association, and fruit preservers. The agricultural land gave way to development following World War II. The San Pedro harbor became operational in the late s and became the principal harbor for the trade in the county. The first steamer to visit San Pedro was the Goldhunter in The construction of a railroad from Los Angeles to the harbor in gave a fresh impetus to the development of agricultural resources in the county.
Later in the Long Beach harbor was established and the port at San Pedro was also added to give Los Angeles a position in the international trade market.
In one adobe hut stood on the site that became Hollywood. By the motion picture industry was in full swing. In the s, the advent of television led to the opening of numerous television stations. Movie attendance fell to half its previous level during this time as audiences stayed home to be entertained in their own living rooms.
By the early s the television and movie industries became interdependent with much crossover from one medium to the other. Today, each medium has found its niche.
The Hollywood film has retained its position as the ultimate entertainment, but television has become the major disseminator of popular culture. Los Angeles has remained firmly in charge of American image-making. The Depression and the Midwestern drought of the s brought thousands of people to California looking for jobs.
In order to sustain future growth, the County needed new sources of water. A new era began in California as ranch life flourished and American trappers began to enter the territory. The Mexican government secularized the missions in and they were eventually abandoned. In June a party of settlers occupied Sonoma Plaza and proclaimed a Republic of California and raised the bear flag in rebellion.
Known as the Bear Flag Revolt, this insurrection represented one of the first aggressive actions that divided California from Mexico. In gold was discovered at Sutter's Mill and dramatically altered the course of California's history as miners rushed into the area.
Both colonial powers attempted to settle their territorial dispute at the Nookta Convention of However, their efforts to reach an agreement were unsuccessful, and in , the growing tensions between the two colonial powers became evident when British naval officer George Vancouver visited the Presidio of San Francisco and apprised his government of the lack of adequate defenses. In a reaction to this report and a growing concern for British territorial claims on the West Coast, Governor Jose Arrillaga order the construction of a coastal fortification to protect Spain's control of the harbor.
In work began on a land battery to protect the Bay of San Francisco at its narrow entrance. Located on La Punta de Cantil Blanco , or the point where the white bluffs overlook the two-mile wide Golden Gate Straits from the south, an adobe fort with 15 cannon embrasures was completed in December of The Spanish fort, which became the first coastal defensive structure on the western coast of North America, was named the Castillo de San Joaquin.
A report in states that ordnance for the castillo and post included cannon balls, "30 stands of grapeshot or canister, 52 arrobas and seven ounces of powder, 21 arrobas and 10 ounces of lead foil for wrapping flints, seven arrobas and 24 ounces of musket balls, 3, musket cartridges made up, and flints.
Not long after building the Castillo de San Joaquin , Spanish relations with Britain began to deteriorate. The tensions between the two countries eventually erupted into a full-scale war in The war spread rapidly, and when the conflict reached the small settlement on San Francisco Bay, Governor Diego de Borica ordered an additional battery built two miles to the east of the Castillo, well inside the bay at a point with suitable anchorage Fort Mason would be built at the same location in the future.
First called Bateria San Jose, but later known as Bateria de Yerba Buena after the name of a nearby cove, this outpost was constructed with eight embrasures, yet it was only equipped with five eight-pounder cannons at the time of its completion. Although Spain had anticipated an attack on the pueblo on San Francisco Bay by the British, that assault was never realized. Ironically, the greatest threat to Spain's control of the region came from an unforeseen enemy which had also been a former ally.
The Spanish colony of Mexico embarked on a war for independence in Following a successful revolt later that year, the Colony won its freedom from Spain.
Weller that would have broken off the area of the state south of the 36th parallel as the Territory of Colorado. More than 75 percent of voters in the proposed territory approved the measure. However, Congressional authorization needed for the measure to take effect never came, and the matter faded away with the outbreak of the Civil War.
On a mile trek to El Paso, Texas, the Californians skirmished with both Confederate rebels and Apache warriors under the command of Cochise.
The advance of the California Column caused the Texans to retreat, and the Union forces occupied towns and forts in west Texas to keep them at bay. Map of tourist attractions in California. Credit: Getty Images. California has both the highest and lowest point in the continental United States. The snowcapped summit of Mount Whitney—the highest peak in the contiguous United States at 14, feet—is just under 85 miles away from Badwater Basin in Death Valley National Park, the lowest point in North America at feet below sea level.
Dead people are no longer welcome in San Francisco.
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